(Not exhaustive. Please reach out if you know other high impact, specific ones)
Water
- Shortage and depletion due to rising population, increased water requirements, poor water management, excessive groundwater usage
- Contamination due to arbitrary sewage disposal methods, seeping of fertilizers, pesticides, industrial effluents into the ground
- Losses including leakage of water pipes, up to 40%
- Floods and droughts due to climate change, poor water related infrastructure
Energy
- India’s huge dependence on imports for crude oil (83% of total consumption) and natural gas (45%)
- Intermittent and unreliable power supply
- Huge debts and financial losses incurred by public sector distribution companies
- High transmission, distribution, consumer-level losses including theft of power
Healthcare
- High fatalities and complications related to pregnancy and child care
- Fatalities and issues related to communicable diseases
Agriculture
- Low irrigation status and thus, over-dependence on monsoons and groundwater. However, it has high export to import ratio of virtual water
- Low crop yields, especially in cereals production, as compared to those in developed countries
- One of the highest food losses due to post-harvest losses, and inefficiencies in go-to-market infrastructure
- Others include lack of price parity, lack of access to credit and poor implementation of insurance coverage, poor access to organized retail, poor supply chain infrastructure